发信人: cutepig (聪明猪), 信区: LanguageLogic
标  题: 管辖理论概要
发信站: BBS 曙光站 (Thu Jul  6 18:24:47 2000)

"Principles and Parameters Approach" is the main 
method for GB Theory.

[1] X-bar Theory describes the structure of phrases----
    the head is marked by bar.

[2] Projection Principle determines the construction of 
    Lexicon---at the syntactic subcategorical level, the 
    syntactic tree is well-defined and every sentence must 
    have a subject.

[3] Theta-role Principle requires that there must be a 
    one-to-one map between the set of arguments of a verb 
    and the set of theta roles of this verb.

[4] Case Filter requires that every NP in a sentence must 
    have at least one case.

=========== More Notes =============

[1] In PSG, head is not emphasized yet. X-bar Theory improves it.

[2] In the Lexicon, word "steal" is as follows:

        steal, V, Agent, +[____ NP              PP ]
                                |               |
                              [Patient]      [Source]
        where NP and PP are subcategories; Patient and 
        Source are theta-roles.

[3] For any verb,"government" defines a partial function
    (only on the set of internal arguments of the verb).
    How to transfer the theta-role to the subject of the 
    sentence is quite complicated.

[4] dominate -> m-command -> government

    DOMINATE(x,y) means x could produce y by Production Rules.
    With the increasement of distance |x-y| in the tree, the 
    ability of DOMINATE(x,y) decreases.

    M-COMMAND(x,y):: NOT DOMINATE(x,y) AND DOMINATE(MOTHER_NODE(x),y)

    GOVERNMENT(x,y):: M-COMMAND(x,y) AND M-COMMAND(y,x) AND HEAD(x)
    GOVERNMENT(x,YP) -> GOVERNMENT(x,Y) AND GOVERNMENT(x,[SPEC,Y])

[5] Mathematical foundation of X-bar Theory

    Definition. A context-free grammar is a Chomsky Form if every rule 
                is one of the following forms:
                        A -> BC
                        A -> a
    Theorem. Any context-free language could be generated by a 
             context-free Chomsky Form.
        ______________
[6]     |X-bar Theory|         _______________
        |Theta Theory|         | Case Filter |
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
             ||                   ||
             \/                   \/
          Lexicon ----------> D-structure -------> S-structure

[7] CP(Complementizer Phrase) and IP(Inflection Phrase)

    From the viewpoint of Logic, CP acts as the Start symbol
    instead of S nor IP. IP is useful to represents the Tense 
    of the sentence and subsentences.

[8] PRO causes some contradiction in Government Theory---
    we need Control Theory to explain PRO.

[9] Government Theory is easy to be formalized by mathematics, 
    but to check it universal is difficult. 

--
※ 来源:．BBS 曙光站 bbs.ncic.ac.cn．[IP: 159.226.41.99]

.